How are judges selected in Texas?

Judges in Texas are selected primarily through a combination of partisan elections and appointments. This means that judicial candidates typically run for their positions in elections where their political party affiliations are indicated, allowing voters to choose based on political alignment as well as qualifications.

In addition to elections, there is also a process for appointing judges for certain vacancies, particularly in higher courts. For example, when a vacancy occurs, the Governor may appoint a judge to fill the position until the next election cycle, where the appointee must then run for election to remain in office. This dual system of elections and appointments ensures that judges are held accountable to the public while also allowing for qualified candidates to be placed in positions of authority in a timely manner if unexpected vacancies arise.

The other options do not accurately reflect the process in Texas. Majority vote in the state legislature does not play a role in selecting judges, nor is there a national nomination process for state judges, as judicial selection is primarily a state responsibility. Likewise, seniority among current judges does not determine the selection of judges in Texas, as positions are occupied based on elections and appointments rather than on how long a judge has served.